Why is the exterior wall insulation material always fire?

At present, the building exterior wall insulation material is one of the important items for the sampling inspection of interior decoration materials, which is related to its frequent fire accidents. A fire in the CCTV building, for example, is the result of the use of a flame retardant of organic insulation. Due to incomplete combustion and pyrolysis of fire-retardant materials, more smoke and toxic gases are produced, and most people are exposed to smoke in a fire accident, suffocating the toxic gases that die.

Therefore, construction fires cause dangerous exterior wall insulation materials are very high, easily causing significant casualties, the author's work experience, talk about the causes of fire and prevention measures. A. The analysis of the causes of exterior wall insulation materials is an industry standard, and the quality of the products is uneven. At present, the links for the production and use of external thermal insulation materials are messy. The current construction of organic thermal insulation materials mainly includes polystyrene (EPS) and extruded plastic (XPS) and polyurethane (PU). The biggest advantage is that the weight is light. , heat insulation, keep. The biggest drawback is the difference in fire safety, easy to age and easy to burn. Due to the widespread use of low-cost two, the thermal conductivity, construction performance and combustion performance of the external wall insulation material industry standard coefficient is not perfect, the individual manufacturers in the management of the loopholes, the production of insulation materials is a short-term building fire The design requirements, fire resistance rating, and fire protection limits cannot meet the national standards, and the products are introduced to the market, which is a construction fire accident that conceals hidden dangers. Second, the construction period is long and the work safety risks are hidden. For the construction industry, energy-saving insulation is a national policy, and wall insulation is an important means to achieve building energy conservation. Therefore, building insulation materials have a very wide range of applications. In reality, construction projects such as high-rise buildings and the construction of large-scale sports stadiums are generally two to three years, and various construction processes that cross each other are inconvenient to manage. The fire hazards ignored by individual managers and the screen control of the temporary water fire control group put all their energy into the pursuit of construction time and compression costs.

In the two to three years, the combustible materials at the job site, causing fire hazards are not easy to be discovered in time. The external wall insulation material has spread very fast, concealing the burning characteristics, and it is difficult to control in the event of a fire, which is convenient for the on-site personnel to cause significant damage and property damage. Third, the cost of qualified materials is high, and the construction unit is shoddy. Researcher at the China Academy of Building Research in the building fire season researcher widened the flammable lead in building insulation materials said CCTV program: "In fact, now see a lot of insulation materials, whether in polystyrene or rigid foam insulation paper The standard, B3 pole, belongs to the flammable material, which is the basic of fire, which is easy to cause fire. Extrusion board, for example, to the fire standard is twice as expensive as the flammable extruded board. "Insulation material Divided into (non-combustible), B1, B2 (flame retardant) (combustion), B3 (flammable) four grades, there are two types of insulation materials of organic and inorganic insulation materials, the former is characterized by non-combustible, but poor The insulation effect, the market share is only about 20%, the latter is characterized by good insulation effect, but easy to burn, accounting for 80% of the market, therefore, a certain amount of flame retardant is required to add its own mark in the material. And flame retardants are expensive, and many companies are pursuing profit maximization, flame retardancy, useless or unused. Individual construction units deliberately buy inferior heat insulation materials, shoddy, cost savings and fire supervision are not in place, it is easy to get away with it. External wall insulation material 2, fire prevention measures is to improve the public's cognitive level of external insulation materials, and to achieve scientific prevention. From the practical point of view, it is impossible for the flammable part of the external insulation material to be negated in the use of the building, but the key is how to use the safety code. If the standard use of external wall insulation materials, in the supervision of external wall insulation materials, fire-fighting measures, step-by-step completion, improve safety awareness, the vast majority of fires caused by external wall insulation materials can be prevented. At present, organic external thermal insulation materials used in new construction in China, such as polystyrene molding, extrusion polystyrene board and polyurethane foam. Thermal insulation performance is better than most inorganic materials and is the mainstream of building insulation materials.